This research investigated the Impact of Parental Occupation and Educational Background on Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students in Chemistry in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. The research design used for this study was survey design of the descriptive type of research. The sample size of two hundred (200) senior secondary Class II (SS II) Chemistry students was used for the study. Eight (8) public secondary schools were selected for the study using simple random sampling technique. Twenty five (25) respondents were selected from each of the schools by using simple random sampling techniques. The instrument for data collection for the study was a self- structured questionnaire. The reliability index obtained was 0.94. The hypotheses were tested using inferential statistics of Chi-square (x2). The findings of the study indicated that there is significant influence of parental occupation on academic achievement of secondary school students in chemistry and there is significant influence of parents’ educational background on academic achievement of secondary school students in chemistry. Based on the findings, conclusions and appropriate recommendations were made.